Scientists Suggest Hemp Polymer as an Alternative to Metal in Construction

A research team from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has proposed replacing modern construction metal structures with a new material they developed based on hemp fibers. This material is not susceptible to corrosion and is much more economical and easier to produce than steel.

According to the project’s authors, Alexandros Tsamis, Professor of Architecture, and Dan Walczyk, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, the material is a form of thermoplastic mixed with hemp fibers. These fibers reinforce the material, making potential structures more durable. In terms of strength, the material is comparable to steel, but it weighs significantly less and can be produced quickly and cost-effectively on-site using recycled hemp raw materials.

The initial project for hemp-based construction structures was developed by Walczyk and Tsamis as part of the “Smart Systems and Enhanced Building Environmental Sustainability” (EBESS) competition, which also featured other eco-friendly developments based on hemp.

By combining efficient hemp fiber cleaning techniques with related technologies—such as methods for producing hemp-based cement and plastics—the researchers’ development could allow humanity to assemble any type of building or structure entirely from biological materials. These materials could be grown and prepared for use directly at or near the construction site.